August 30, 2024
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide are affected by various oral diseases. Among them, around 500 million children suffer from decay in their primary teeth, while approximately 2 billion people experience caries in their permanent teeth. Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, affects about 1 billion individuals globally. The interconnection between periodontal diseases and other systemic conditions is significant, with implications for pregnancy complications and bacterial transmission from infected mothers to their offspring, and implications for other body systems. The prevalence of these diseases is particularly high in middle-income countries. An in-depth analysis of 24 critical nations facing maternal and child health challenges, along with oral health issues, reveals common themes among them (see chart and table). a. Inadequate investment in oral healthcare. b. Limited access to affordable fluoride toothpaste and oral care products for children. c. Lack of infrastructure for regular preventive oral healthcare. d. Insufficient curative oral healthcare facilities. e. Shortage of dental professionals, including dentists, dental assistants, dental hygienists, and support staff. f. Absence of advanced oral healthcare clinics. g. Scarcity of rehabilitative advanced oral healthcare centers. These countries collectively suffer significant losses in productivity due to oral diseases. According to the WHO's 2022 data, India has incurred a productivity loss of $7,249 million, Nigeria $835 million, Mali $35 million, Bangladesh $3,213 million, Kenya $191 million, Zambia $42 million, Ghana $161 million, Rwanda $20 million, Malawi $13 million, Nepal $54 million, Pakistan $617 million, Tanzania $114 million, Democratic Republic of the Congo $96 million, Madagascar $27 million and Ethiopia $182 million. Similarly, other productivity losses include Senegal $60 million, Liberia $7.9 million, Haiti $21 million, South Sudan $7.2 million, Uganda $65 million, Yemen $46 million, Mozambique $25 million and Afghanistan $37 million. Pulled together is about 13 billion across these 24 nations in productivity loss. These substantial losses could potentially boost the economies of these nations and enhance overall health outcomes. The investment required for eradicating oral health burdens and their systemic implications is more cost-effective than the productivity and life losses, as well as the negative impact on children's education worldwide. These investments will further establish robust health systems and digital health infrastructures that facilitate seamless overall health care delivery, ensuring that oral health care services are integrated harmoniously with other sectors of the healthcare system. Neglecting investments in global and oral health can lead to costly consequences, impacting national economies, quality of life, prenatal health, child development, and education initiatives, and even loss of life. The global burden of oral disease is undeniable, and prioritizing oral health, especially its systemic implications, is crucial for the growth and prosperity of nations.